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version 1.1, 2001/05/02 12:35:54 version 1.2, 2001/08/30 18:43:36
Line 3 Line 3
 .\" Copyright (C) 2001, Convergence Integrated Media GmbH  .\" Copyright (C) 2001, Convergence Integrated Media GmbH
 .\" Author: Oskar Schirmer  .\" Author: Oskar Schirmer
 .\"  .\"
 .TH iso13818ps 1 "March 19th, 2001" "0.0.1" "Multiplexer"  .TH iso13818ps 1 "August 30th, 2001" "0.0.2" "Multiplexer"
 .SH NAME  .SH NAME
 iso13818ps \- multiplexer for ISO 13818 program streams  iso13818ps \- multiplexer for ISO 13818 program streams
 .br  .SH SYNOPSIS
 iso13818ps \- multiplexer for ISO 13818 program streams  iso13818ps [COMMAND...]
 .SH DESCRIPTION  .SH DESCRIPTION
 to be done  Generates an ISO 13818-1 conforming program stream from multiple
 .SH SEE ALSO  input streams.
 while this man page is not yet written, refer to  The result is sent to \fIstdout\fR,
 .B iso13818ps --help  the input streams are read from explicitely opened files.
   All of the following commands may also be fed to \fIstdin\fR during
   operation by omitting the leading hyphen (e.g. \fBQ\fR) or
   double-hyphen (e.g. \fBquit\fR).
   .TP
   \fB\-\-help\fR
   Display this help.
   .TP
   \fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
   Output version information.
   .TP
   \fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-quit\fR
   Quit this program.
   .TP
   \fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-verbose\fR [\fIlevel\fR]
   Verbose mode, \fIlevel\fR = 0..6, default is 2 (providing warnings
   concerning data errors), initial verbosity is 1 (providing only
   program errors).
   .TP
   \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-pes\fR \fIfile\fR
   Open a PES input \fIfile\fR,
   output the contained stream.
   .TP
   \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-pes\fR \fIfile\fR \fItarget_stream_id\fR
   Open a PES input \fIfile\fR,
   output the contained stream
   with \fItarget_stream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE).
   The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
   the last previously mentioned file.
   .TP
   \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-ps\fR \fIfile\fR
   Open a PS input \fIfile\fR,
   output the contained program.
   .TP
   \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-ps\fR \fIfile\fR \fIsource_stream_id\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
   Open a PS input \fIfile\fR,
   extract the stream with \fIsource_stream_id\fR (range 0x00..0xFF)
   and output that stream
   with \fItarget_stream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE).
   If no \fItarget_stream_id\fR is given, \fIsource_stream_id\fR is used instead.
   The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
   the last previously mentioned file.
   .TP
   \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR
   Open a TS input \fIfile\fR,
   extract all programs from it and output them.
   .TP
   \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR \fIsource_program\fR
   Open a TS input \fIfile\fR,
   extract the program \fIsource_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF)
   and output that program.
   The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
   the last previously mentioned file.
   .TP
   \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR \fIsource_program\fR \fIsource_stream_id\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
   Open a TS input \fIfile\fR,
   extract the stream with \fIsource_stream_id\fR (range 0x00..0xFF)
   from the program \fIsource_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF)
   and output that stream as \fItarget_stream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE)
   .
   If no \fItarget_stream_id\fR is given, use \fIsource_stream_id\fR instead.
   The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
   the last previously mentioned file.
   .TP
   \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR 0 \fIsource_stream_id\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
   As before, but extract a stream with \fIsource_stream_id\fR (range 0x00..0xFF)
   from a transport stream with broken or missing PAT/PMT information.
   The stream is opened only, if there is \fBnot\fR any entry in the
   tables for that stream.
   Note, that if there is more than one stream with the given
   \fIsource_stream_id\fR,
   only one matching stream will be opened, and
   the choice is not deterministic.
   .TP
   \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-close\fR \fIfile\fR
   Close input \fIfile\fR, as if eof is reached.
   In combination with \fB\-\-repeat\fR this causes the next repeatition
   to start immediately.
   Note, that the input data file is cut of as is, i.e. no attempt
   is made to close the file on a clean audio or video frame border.
   .TP
   \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR \fIfile1\fR \fIfile2\fR [\fInum\fR]
   Earmark another \fIfile2\fR to be opened as soon as \fIfile1\fR
   comes to its end.
   The appended \fIfile2\fR is foreseen to be repeated \fInum\fR
   times, default is 1 (see \fB\-\-repeat\fR).
   Both files must contain the same type of data,
   as the data of both files is chained without considering clean
   transition of audio or video sequences.
   The \fIfile1\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
   the last previously mentioned file.
   .TP
   \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-file\fR \fIreference_number\fR \fIfile_name\fR
   The positive \fIreference_number\fR is associated with a \fIfile_name\fR.
   For all following commands, the \fIreference_number\fR may be
   used instead of the \fIfile_name\fR. This allows better control
   over file handles, as the same file may be addressed via different
   \fIreference_number\fRs.
   .TP
   \fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-crop\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
   Delete a stream given by \fItarget_stream_id\fR,
   or the complete program
   from the output.
   The corresponding input file(s) will be closed, if not needed otherwise.
   .TP
   \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repeat\fR \fIfile\fR \fInum\fR
   Set the repeatition counter for \fIfile\fR to \fInum\fR
   (or to infinite if \fInum\fR=0).
   The file will be reset as soon as eof is reached
   (or it is closed by the command \fB\-\-close\fR).
   Note, that the file will be reset without considering clean transition
   of audio or video sequences at the restart point.
   The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
   the last previously mentioned file.
   .TP
   \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-reopen\fR
   This command shall precede one of the commands that open a new file
   (i.e. \fB\-\-pes\fR, \fB\-\-ps\fR or \fB\-\-ts\fR must follow
   \fIon the same line\fR).
   The next file will be opened with a new file handle,
   regardless of whether the same file is yet open or not.
   .TP
   \fB\-\-descr\fR [\fIdescr_tag\fR [\fIdescr_length\fR \fIdata\fR...]]
   Add, inhibit or delete in the PMT section a descriptor,
   that does \fBnot\fR belong to a specific stream.
   To add a descriptor, all parameters must be given,
   \fIdescr_tag\fR (range 0x00..0xFF),
   \fIdescr_length\fR (range 1..255),
   and the appropriate amount of bytes given as \fIdata\fR (range 0x00..0xFF).
   To inhibit any descriptor with a given \fIdescr_tag\fR,
   \fIdescr_length\fR is set to \fB0\fR and no \fIdata\fR is given.
   This causes matching descriptors from input streams to
   be discarded instead of being copied to the target stream.
   To delete the manual setting of a descriptor,
   \fIdescr_length\fR is omitted. This causes descriptors
   with matching \fIdescr_tag\fR to be passed from input to
   the target stream.
   To delete all manual settings,
   that do \fBnot\fR belong to a specific stream,
   the \fIdescr_tag\fR is omitted, too.
   Note, that \fB\-\-descr\fR never modifies descriptors,
   that belong to a specific stream.
   To modify these, use the command \fB\-\-sdescr\fR.
   .TP
   \fB\-\-sdescr\fR [\fIstream_id\fR [\fIdescr_tag\fR [\fIdescr_length\fR \fIdata\fR...]]]
   Add, inhibit or delete in the PMT section a descriptor,
   that does belong to a specific stream.
   To add a descriptor, all parameters must be given,
   \fIstream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE),
   \fIdescr_tag\fR (range 0x00..0xFF),
   \fIdescr_length\fR (range 1..255),
   and the appropriate amount of bytes given as \fIdata\fR (range 0x00..0xFF).
   To inhibit any descriptor with a given \fIdescr_tag\fR,
   \fIdescr_length\fR is set to \fB0\fR and no \fIdata\fR is given.
   This causes matching descriptors from the corresponding input streams to
   be discarded instead of being copied to the target stream.
   To delete the manual setting of a descriptor,
   \fIdescr_length\fR is omitted. This causes descriptors
   with matching \fIdescr_tag\fR to be passed from input to
   the target stream.
   To delete all manual settings for a \fIstream_id\fR,
   the \fIdescr_tag\fR is omitted, too.
   To delete all manual settings for all streams \fBand\fR those
   that do not belong to a specific stream,
   the \fIstream_id\fR is omitted, too.
   .TP
   \fB\-B\fR, \fB\-\-busy\fR [\fInum\fR]
   Set the busy flag to \fInum\fR (range 0..1, default is 1).
   Whenever the program has no more data to handle and
   the busy flag is not set, it stops.
   .TP
   \fB\-\-timed\fR
   Force delay timing, even if solely disk files are in use.
   If not so, if delay is to be awaited while processing regular files,
   the delay is skipped instead and timing information in the resulting
   file is adjusted accordingly.
   .TP
   \fB\-F\fR, \fB\-\-fpsi\fR \fItime\fR
   Set the PSI table frequency to \fItime\fR msec
   (or to infinite if \fItime\fR=0, initial value is infinite).
   The PAT and PMT will be generated at more or less the given
   frequency, even if the tables did not change.
   In any case, the next tables will be generated immediately.
   .TP
   \fB\-\-trigin\fR \fItime\fR
   Set the input buffer trigger timing to \fItime\fR.
   For any input stream, that is newly opened
   (or has to be retriggered, e.g. due to intermediate emptiness),
   the buffer is triggered for promotion to the splice unit
   with a delay of \fItime\fR msec compared to the time
   of data entrance into the buffer.
   For any stream yet triggered the timing is not changed
   unless retriggering takes place.
   Not affected by this value are the other trigger conditions,
   mainly a certain buffer fullness
   and cotriggering with a corresponding stream that is triggered.
   .TP
   \fB\-\-trigout\fR \fItime\fR
   Set the output buffer trigger timing to \fItime\fR.
   As the output buffer is triggered for promotion to \fIstdout\fR,
   this is done with a delay of \fItime\fR msec compared to the time
   of data entrance into the buffer.
   The new timing is only valid if set before the first triggering
   of the output buffer,
   or if retriggering takes place, e.g. due to intermediate emptiness.
   Not affected by this value is the trigger condition
   of a certain buffer fullness.
   .TP
   \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-config\fR \fInum\fR
   Order output configuration of target stream with \fInum\fR=1,
   switch off with \fInum\fR=0.
   Set \fInum\fR=2, to get information about descriptors, too.
   When switched on, the configuration is printed each time it changes.
   First, the number of programs is printed,
   then for each program one line of description and
   for each stream within that program another line is printed.
   When \fInum\fR=2, then for each descriptor there is printed one more line.
   The following values are compiled:
   .RS
   .TP
   \fIprogs\fR
   Number of programs in target stream.
   .TP
   \fIprog\fR
   Program number within target stream.
   .TP
   \fIpmt\fR
   PMT PID for the program.
   .TP
   \fIpcr\fR
   PCR PID for the program.
   .TP
   \fIstreams\fR
   Number of streams in the program.
   .TP
   \fIstream\fR
   Stream PID.
   .TP
   \fItype\fR
   Stream type (according to ISO 13818-1 table 2-29).
   .TP
   \fIsid\fR
   PES stream ID.
   .TP
   \fIfile\fR
   Source file contents type (PES=0, PS=1, TS=2).
   .TP
   \fIsource\fR
   Stream index in source file (SID for PS, PID for TS).
   .TP
   \fInum\fR
   Source file reference number (-1 if none).
   .TP
   \fIname\fR
   Source file name.
   .TP
   \fIdescr\fR
   Descriptor tag.
   .TP
   \fIlen\fR
   Descriptor length, number of data bytes in the descriptor.
   .TP
   \fIdata\fR
   Descriptor data, bytewise.
   .RE
   .TP
   \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-statistics\fR \fItime\fR
   Order output load statistics to be generated about every
   \fItime\fR msec.
   Switch off with \fItime\fR=0.
   The statistics are written to \fIstderr\fR linewise,
   the following values are calculated:
   .RS
   .TP
   \fInow\fR
   Internal clock in msec.
   .TP
   \fIout\fR
   Number of bytes written to stdout since last statistics,
   and number of write operations needed.
   .TP
   \fIbuf\fR
   Number of bytes in the output buffers (lower and upper bound).
   .TP
   \fItime\fR
   Time in msec, for how long the contents of the
   output buffers should suffice (lower and upper bound).
   .TP
   \fIburst\fR
   Size of write burst, i.e. number of bytes prepared to
   be written in a single write operation (lower and upper bound).
   .RE
   .TP
   \fB\-\-badtiming\fR
   In conjunction with a program stream originating from a DVB-s
   digital TV receiver card, You might want to automatically
   correct some of the PCR values produced by that card, to
   prevent discontinuities in the output.
   .SH OVERVIEW
   The multiplexer is designed to run uninterrupted and
   be controlled via \fIstdin\fR and \fIstderr\fR.
   It is designed to process data in real time,
   i.e. if the processing is not performed fast
   enough (e.g. because of low processor performance),
   errors in the resulting data may occur, namely
   concerning the timing.
   The multiplexer may be invoked interactively with
   the streams to process given as command line options
   or with the commands to be processed typed into
   \fIstdin\fR during operation.
   The latter type of usage is also designed for use
   with an user interface front-end, that may
   translate some GUI input to iso13818ps commands
   and filter its responses to be presented to the user
   as appropriate.
   .P
   Three different types of input are supported:
   Paketized elementary streams (PES),
   Program streams (PS),
   Transport streams (TS).
   .P
   Numeric parameters may be given in decimal (e.g. 31)
   or in hex (e.g. 0x1F).
   .SH DETAILS
   The output file or device does not change throughout the
   time the program runs. The input files, however, may vary.
   Also the contents of an input file may vary, but not its
   type. E.g., a file opened as program stream must contain
   valid program stream data up to its end (and including
   any files that are appended to this file with \fB\-\-append\fR).
   .P
   All basic PSI is evaluated contiguously, and changes in
   the configuration (changing PID, etc.) are taken into
   account and tracked. Thus a stream should not get lost
   simply because its PID is changed in the middle of the
   broadcast.
   .SH EXAMPLES
   To convert a program stream file x.PS to a program stream file y.PS,
   and System Header and Stream Map generated about every half second:
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps --fpsi 500 --ps x.PS > y.PS
   .PP
   If the program stream doesn't contain correct PSI,
   the single streams may be extracted one by one. Assuming
   one video stream (0xE0) and mono audio (0xC0):
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps --fpsi 500 --ps x.PS 0xE0 --ps = 0xC0 > y.PS
   .PP
   To bundle two streams originating from video devices and
   send them out to a video output device, e.g.:
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps -F 500 -P /dev/video0 -P /dev/video1 > /dev/video2
   .PP
   .PP
   To invoke the multiplexer for interactive use, it must
   be put in all-time-busy-mode. Subsequently, commands can
   be fed to \fIstdin\fR, e.g. to do the same as with the
   first example:
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps --busy > y.PS
   .br
   fpsi 500
   .br
   ps x.PS
   .PP
   This instance of the multiplexer will not cease when the
   end of file in x.PS is reached. To stop the multiplexer,
   either \fBquit\fR or \fBbusy 0\fR may be typed to \fIstdin\fR.
   .P
   To output a movie repeatedly (e.g. seven times):
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps -F 500 --ps thepurpleroseofcairo.PS --repeat = 7 > /dev/video2
   .PP
   Note, that if during the movie is processed, the command
   .IP
   close thepurpleroseofcairo.PS
   .PP
   is issued, and supposed it is not yet processed the seventh time,
   it is not closed, but restarted immediately.
   .P
   To concatenate two movies and output them in sequence:
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps -F 500 --ps rambo1.PS --append = rambo2.PS > /dev/video2
   .PP
   Note, that a file can only be appended to a file, that is
   yet in use (i.e. being processed). Thus, it is not possible
   to append a third movie (rambo3.PS) from within the command
   line. Instead, the processing of the second movie must be
   awaited, and then the following command can be fed to \fIstdin\fR:
   .IP
   append rambo2.PS rambo3.PS
   .PP
   If the source is a transport stream with broken or
   missing PSI (i.e. PAT/PMT), and if further it can
   be assumed, that there is only one program to be found
   in the stream, then the \fIsource program number\fR
   can be specified as \fB0\fR. With the following
   example, one video and one audio stream are extracted
   (the first one found, if more than one exist):
   .IP
   $ iso13818ps -F 500 -T deficient.TS 0 0xE0 -T = 0 0xC0 > complete.PS
   .PP
   .SH "KNOWN PROBLEMS"
   The program might not work in conjunction with device drivers
   that do not deliver or accept data unless a first read or write
   is done on the device. E.g., for a MPEG video data source, that
   does not produce output without being triggered by being read
   from, this program will await the readability of the first
   data infinitely. On the other hand it is obvious that the driver
   should not encode data as long as there is no application that
   will read this data.
   One possibly solution to this dilemma is to patch such a driver
   to interpret the \fIpoll\fR command as an order for data, thus
   triggering the read mechanisms. Analogous considerations hold
   for polling the output device and writing to it.
   .P
   Paketized elementary streams do not necessarily contain
   usable time stamps, so when multiplexing raw PES, streams
   belonging together may be out of sync. This is especially
   noteworthy in case streams shall be demultiplexed and then
   again multiplexed in some way. Results will always be better
   when this remultiplexing takes place entirely within the
   multiplexer, because that way timing information won't get lost.
   .SH BUGS
   End of action sometimes is not detected correctly, which
   causes the multiplexer to hang.
   Nevertheless, it then can be stopped by the \fBquit\fR command.
   .P
   Changing configuration is not printed if the change
   is solely a descriptor coming from a source file.
   .SH "SEE ALSO"
   .BR iso13818ts (1),
   .BR ISO\ 13818-1 ,
   .BR ETSI\ EN\ 300\ 468 .
 .SH AUTHOR  .SH AUTHOR
 Oskar Schirmer (oskar@convergence.de).  Oskar Schirmer (oskar@convergence.de).
Removed from v.1.1  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.2

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