Annotation of multiplexer/iso13818ts.1, revision 1.30
1.1 oskar 1: .\" Man page for iso13818ts
2: .\"
1.16 oskar 3: .\" Copyright (C) GPL 2001, Convergence Integrated Media GmbH
1.24 oskar 4: .\" Copyright (C) GPL 2004..2005, Oskar Schirmer
1.1 oskar 5: .\"
1.29 oskar 6: .TH iso13818ts 1 "DATE" "VERSION" "Multiplexer"
1.1 oskar 7: .SH NAME
8: iso13818ts \- multiplexer for ISO 13818 transport streams
9: .SH SYNOPSIS
10: iso13818ts [COMMAND...]
11: .SH DESCRIPTION
12: Generates an ISO 13818-1 conforming transport stream from multiple
13: input streams.
14: The result is sent to \fIstdout\fR,
15: the input streams are read from explicitely opened files.
16: All of the following commands may also be fed to \fIstdin\fR during
17: operation by omitting the leading hyphen (e.g. \fBQ\fR) or
18: double-hyphen (e.g. \fBquit\fR).
19: .TP
20: \fB\-\-help\fR
21: Display this help.
22: .TP
23: \fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
24: Output version information.
25: .TP
26: \fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-quit\fR
27: Quit this program.
28: .TP
29: \fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-verbose\fR [\fIlevel\fR]
30: Verbose mode, \fIlevel\fR = 0..6, default is 2 (providing warnings
31: concerning data errors), initial verbosity is 1 (providing only
32: program errors).
33: .TP
34: \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-pes\fR \fIfile\fR \fItarget_program\fR
35: Open a PES input \fIfile\fR,
36: output the contained stream as \fItarget_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF).
37: .TP
38: \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-pes\fR \fIfile\fR \fItarget_program\fR \fItarget_stream_id\fR
39: Open a PES input \fIfile\fR,
40: output the contained stream in \fItarget_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF)
41: with \fItarget_stream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE).
42: The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
43: the last previously mentioned file.
44: .TP
45: \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-ps\fR \fIfile\fR \fItarget_program\fR
46: Open a PS input \fIfile\fR,
47: output the contained program as \fItarget_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF).
48: .TP
49: \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-ps\fR \fIfile\fR \fItarget_program\fR \fIsource_stream_id\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
50: Open a PS input \fIfile\fR,
51: extract the stream with \fIsource_stream_id\fR (range 0x00..0xFF)
52: and output that stream in \fItarget_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF)
53: with \fItarget_stream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE).
54: If no \fItarget_stream_id\fR is given, \fIsource_stream_id\fR is used instead.
55: The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
56: the last previously mentioned file.
57: .TP
58: \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR
59: Open a TS input \fIfile\fR,
60: extract all programs from it and output them.
1.21 oskar 61: Note, that program specific information (PSI) is propagated,
62: i.e. program association tables (PAT) and program map tables (PMT)
63: are handled, both on input and output.
64: Only additional SI data (in the sense of ETSI EN 300 468)
65: is not propagated,
1.1 oskar 66: see command \fB\-\-si\fR for further information.
67: .TP
68: \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR \fIsource_program\fR [\fItarget_program\fR]
69: Open a TS input \fIfile\fR,
70: extract the program \fIsource_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF)
71: and output that program as \fItarget_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF).
72: If no \fItarget_program\fR is given,
73: don't change the \fIsource_program\fR number.
74: The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
75: the last previously mentioned file.
76: .TP
77: \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR \fIsource_program\fR \fItarget_program\fR \fIsource_stream_id\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
78: Open a TS input \fIfile\fR,
79: extract the stream with \fIsource_stream_id\fR (range 0x00..0xFF)
80: from the program \fIsource_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF)
81: and output that stream as \fItarget_stream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE)
82: in program \fItarget_program\fR (range 0x0001..0xFFFF).
83: If no \fItarget_stream_id\fR is given, use \fIsource_stream_id\fR instead.
84: The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
85: the last previously mentioned file.
86: .TP
1.11 oskar 87: \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-ts\fR \fIfile\fR 0 \fItarget_program\fR \fIsource_stream_id\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
88: As before, but extract a stream with \fIsource_stream_id\fR (range 0x00..0xFF)
89: from a transport stream with broken or missing PAT/PMT information.
90: The stream is opened only, if there is \fBnot\fR any entry in the
91: tables for that stream.
92: Note, that if there is more than one stream with the given
93: \fIsource_stream_id\fR,
94: only one matching stream will be opened, and
95: the choice is not deterministic.
96: .TP
1.1 oskar 97: \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-close\fR \fIfile\fR
98: Close input \fIfile\fR, as if eof is reached.
99: In combination with \fB\-\-repeat\fR this causes the next repeatition
100: to start immediately.
101: Note, that the input data file is cut of as is, i.e. no attempt
1.15 oskar 102: is made to close the file on a clean audio or video frame boundary.
1.1 oskar 103: .TP
104: \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR \fIfile1\fR \fIfile2\fR [\fInum\fR]
105: Earmark another \fIfile2\fR to be opened as soon as \fIfile1\fR
106: comes to its end.
107: The appended \fIfile2\fR is foreseen to be repeated \fInum\fR
108: times, default is 1 (see \fB\-\-repeat\fR).
109: Both files must contain the same type of data,
110: as the data of both files is chained without considering clean
111: transition of audio or video sequences.
112: The \fIfile1\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
113: the last previously mentioned file.
114: .TP
115: \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-file\fR \fIreference_number\fR \fIfile_name\fR
116: The positive \fIreference_number\fR is associated with a \fIfile_name\fR.
117: For all following commands, the \fIreference_number\fR may be
118: used instead of the \fIfile_name\fR. This allows better control
119: over file handles, as the same file may be addressed via different
120: \fIreference_number\fRs.
121: .TP
122: \fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-crop\fR \fItarget_program\fR [\fItarget_stream_id\fR]
123: Delete a stream given by \fItarget_stream_id\fR,
124: or a complete program given by \fItarget_program\fR
125: from the output.
1.13 oskar 126: The corresponding input file(s) will be closed, if not needed otherwise.
1.1 oskar 127: .TP
128: \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repeat\fR \fIfile\fR \fInum\fR
129: Set the repeatition counter for \fIfile\fR to \fInum\fR
130: (or to infinite if \fInum\fR=0).
131: The file will be reset as soon as eof is reached
132: (or it is closed by the command \fB\-\-close\fR).
133: Note, that the file will be reset without considering clean transition
134: of audio or video sequences at the restart point.
135: The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
136: the last previously mentioned file.
137: .TP
138: \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-reopen\fR
139: This command shall precede one of the commands that open a new file
140: (i.e. \fB\-\-pes\fR, \fB\-\-ps\fR or \fB\-\-ts\fR must follow
141: \fIon the same line\fR).
142: The next file will be opened with a new file handle,
143: regardless of whether the same file is yet open or not.
144: .TP
145: \fB\-\-si\fR \fIfile\fR [\fIlower_bound\fR \fIupper_bound\fR]
1.21 oskar 146: This command is meant to allow propagation of non-program data
147: streams.
148: It is not needed for normal multiplexing,
149: because all basic PSI is generated automatically.
150: With \fB\-\-si\fR however,
151: in a TS \fIfile\fR, all TS pakets with PID in the range
1.1 oskar 152: from \fIlower_bound\fR to \fIupper_bound\fR
1.22 oskar 153: (possible range 0x0001..0x1FFE, recommended range 0x0010..0x001F)
1.21 oskar 154: inclusive are handled as additional SI pakets (according to ETSI EN 300 468).
1.1 oskar 155: These pakets are bypassed and promoted to the output without further handling.
156: If no further data from the \fIfile\fR is in use,
157: the SI pakets are promoted \fIgreedy\fR, i.e. without any timing or delay.
158: If \fIlower_bound\fR and \fIupper_bound\fR are omitted,
159: the special handling of SI pakets is turned off for the given \fIfile\fR.
1.5 oskar 160: \fBNOTE, that the \fIfile\fB must be opened with \-\-ts before!\fR
1.1 oskar 161: The \fIfile\fR may be specified as \fB=\fR to denote
162: the last previously mentioned file.
163: .TP
1.9 oskar 164: \fB\-\-sipid\fR \fItarget_program\fR [\fIpid\fR [\fIstream_type\fR]]
165: Manually add or delete entries to the target PMT for the given
166: \fItarget_program\fR.
1.21 oskar 167: This command is not needed for normal multiplexing,
168: because all basic PSI is generated automatically.
1.9 oskar 169: To add an entry, all three parameters must be provided.
170: If an entry for the given \fIpid\fR (range 0x0001..0x1FFE) does exist,
171: the new \fIstream_type\fR (range 0x00..0xFF) is set
172: and all descriptors are cleared.
173: If no \fIstream_type\fR is given, a corresponding entry
174: in the PMT is deleted,
175: if it was added thru \fB\-\-sipid\fR earlier.
176: If no \fIpid\fR and no \fIstream_type\fR is given, all
177: entries for the \fItarget_program\fR in the PMT are deleted,
178: which have been added thru \fB\-\-sipid\fR earlier.
179: Note, that regular entries, i.e. those which are generated
180: automatically instead of using \fB\-\-sipid\fR,
181: cannot be changed.
182: Note, that entries added through \fB\-\-sipid\fR are
183: solely entries in the PMT, but there is not any corresponding
184: data stream created.
185: \fB\-\-sipid\fR is meant to be used in conjunction
186: with the \fB\-\-si\fR command, which in turn causes
187: data to arise in the target stream without listing it
188: in the PMT.
189: .TP
1.10 oskar 190: \fB\-\-descr\fR \fItarget_program\fR [\fIdescr_tag\fR [\fIdescr_length\fR \fIdata\fR...]]
191: Add, inhibit or delete in the PMT section a descriptor,
192: that does \fBnot\fR belong to a specific stream.
193: To add a descriptor, all parameters must be given,
194: \fIdescr_tag\fR (range 0x00..0xFF),
195: \fIdescr_length\fR (range 1..255),
196: and the appropriate amount of bytes given as \fIdata\fR (range 0x00..0xFF).
197: To inhibit any descriptor with a given \fIdescr_tag\fR,
198: \fIdescr_length\fR is set to \fB0\fR and no \fIdata\fR is given.
199: This causes matching descriptors from input streams to
200: be discarded instead of being copied to the target stream.
201: To delete the manual setting of a descriptor,
202: \fIdescr_length\fR is omitted. This causes descriptors
203: with matching \fIdescr_tag\fR to be passed from input to
204: the target stream.
205: To delete all manual settings for a \fItarget_program\fR,
206: that do \fBnot\fR belong to a specific stream,
207: the \fIdescr_tag\fR is omitted, too.
208: Note, that \fB\-\-descr\fR never modifies descriptors,
209: that belong to a specific stream.
210: To modify these, use the command \fB\-\-sdescr\fR or \fB\-\-pdescr\fR.
211: .TP
212: \fB\-\-sdescr\fR [\fItarget_program\fR [\fIstream_id\fR [\fIdescr_tag\fR [\fIdescr_length\fR \fIdata\fR...]]]]
213: Add, inhibit or delete in the PMT section a descriptor,
214: that does belong to a specific stream.
215: To add a descriptor, all parameters must be given,
216: \fIstream_id\fR (recommended range 0xBD..0xFE),
217: \fIdescr_tag\fR (range 0x00..0xFF),
218: \fIdescr_length\fR (range 1..255),
219: and the appropriate amount of bytes given as \fIdata\fR (range 0x00..0xFF).
220: To inhibit any descriptor with a given \fIdescr_tag\fR,
221: \fIdescr_length\fR is set to \fB0\fR and no \fIdata\fR is given.
222: This causes matching descriptors from the corresponding input streams to
223: be discarded instead of being copied to the target stream.
224: To delete the manual setting of a descriptor,
225: \fIdescr_length\fR is omitted. This causes descriptors
226: with matching \fIdescr_tag\fR to be passed from input to
227: the target stream.
228: To delete all manual settings for a \fIstream_id\fR in
229: the \fItarget_program\fR,
230: the \fIdescr_tag\fR is omitted, too.
231: To delete all manual settings for all streams \fBand\fR those
232: that do not belong to a specific stream,
233: the \fIstream_id\fR is omitted, too.
234: Finally, to delete all manual settings in all programs,
235: all parameters are omitted.
236: .TP
237: \fB\-\-pdescr\fR [\fItarget_program\fR [\fIpid\fR [\fIdescr_tag\fR [\fIdescr_length\fR \fIdata\fR...]]]]
238: Add, inhibit or delete in the PMT section a descriptor,
239: that does belong to a specific stream.
240: To add a descriptor, all parameters must be given,
241: \fIpid\fR (range 0x0001..0x1FFE),
242: \fIdescr_tag\fR (range 0x00..0xFF),
243: \fIdescr_length\fR (range 1..255),
244: and the appropriate amount of bytes given as \fIdata\fR (range 0x00..0xFF).
245: To inhibit any descriptor with a given \fIdescr_tag\fR,
246: \fIdescr_length\fR is set to \fB0\fR and no \fIdata\fR is given.
247: This causes matching descriptors from the corresponding input streams to
248: be discarded instead of being copied to the target stream.
249: To delete the manual setting of a descriptor,
250: \fIdescr_length\fR is omitted. This causes descriptors
251: with matching \fIdescr_tag\fR to be passed from input to
252: the target stream.
253: To delete all manual settings for a \fIpid\fR in
254: the \fItarget_program\fR,
255: the \fIdescr_tag\fR is omitted, too.
256: To delete all manual settings for all streams \fBand\fR those
257: that do not belong to a specific stream,
258: the \fIpid\fR is omitted, too.
259: Finally, to delete all manual settings in all programs,
260: all parameters are omitted.
261: Note, that, in contrast to \fB\-\-descr\fR and \fB\-\-sdescr\fR,
262: with \fB\-\-pdescr\fR it is possible to set
263: descriptors for PMT entries, that have been added using \fB\-\-sipid\fR.
264: .TP
1.1 oskar 265: \fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-ident\fR \fItransport_stream_id\fR
266: Set the output \fItransport_stream_id\fR (range 0x0000..0xFFFF).
267: .TP
268: \fB\-B\fR, \fB\-\-busy\fR [\fInum\fR]
1.14 oskar 269: Set the busy flag to \fInum\fR (range 0..1, default is 1, initial is 0).
1.1 oskar 270: Whenever the program has no more data to handle and
271: the busy flag is not set, it stops.
272: .TP
273: \fB\-\-timed\fR
274: Force delay timing, even if solely disk files are in use.
275: If not so, if delay is to be awaited while processing regular files,
276: the delay is skipped instead and timing information in the resulting
277: file is adjusted accordingly.
278: .TP
279: \fB\-F\fR, \fB\-\-fpsi\fR \fItime\fR
280: Set the PSI table frequency to \fItime\fR msec
281: (or to infinite if \fItime\fR=0, initial value is infinite).
282: The PAT and PMT will be generated at more or less the given
283: frequency, even if the tables did not change.
284: In any case, the next tables will be generated immediately.
285: .TP
1.7 oskar 286: \fB\-\-trigin\fR \fItime\fR
287: Set the input buffer trigger timing to \fItime\fR.
288: For any input stream, that is newly opened
289: (or has to be retriggered, e.g. due to intermediate emptiness),
290: the buffer is triggered for promotion to the splice unit
291: with a delay of \fItime\fR msec compared to the time
292: of data entrance into the buffer.
293: For any stream yet triggered the timing is not changed
294: unless retriggering takes place.
295: Not affected by this value are the other trigger conditions,
296: mainly a certain buffer fullness
297: and cotriggering with a corresponding stream that is triggered.
298: .TP
299: \fB\-\-trigout\fR \fItime\fR
300: Set the output buffer trigger timing to \fItime\fR.
301: As the output buffer is triggered for promotion to \fIstdout\fR,
302: this is done with a delay of \fItime\fR msec compared to the time
303: of data entrance into the buffer.
304: The new timing is only valid if set before the first triggering
305: of the output buffer,
306: or if retriggering takes place, e.g. due to intermediate emptiness.
307: Not affected by this value is the trigger condition
308: of a certain buffer fullness.
309: .TP
1.4 oskar 310: \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-config\fR \fInum\fR
311: Order output configuration of target stream with \fInum\fR=1,
312: switch off with \fInum\fR=0.
1.10 oskar 313: Set \fInum\fR=2, to get information about descriptors, too.
1.4 oskar 314: When switched on, the configuration is printed each time it changes.
315: First, the number of programs is printed,
316: then for each program one line of description and
317: for each stream within that program another line is printed.
1.10 oskar 318: When \fInum\fR=2, then for each descriptor there is printed one more line.
1.4 oskar 319: The following values are compiled:
320: .RS
321: .TP
322: \fIprogs\fR
323: Number of programs in target stream.
324: .TP
325: \fIprog\fR
326: Program number within target stream.
327: .TP
328: \fIpmt\fR
329: PMT PID for the program.
330: .TP
331: \fIpcr\fR
332: PCR PID for the program.
333: .TP
334: \fIstreams\fR
335: Number of streams in the program.
1.9 oskar 336: A number in parantheses may be added that denotes how many of these
337: streams are not PES data streams, but have been added by use of the
338: \fB\-\-sipid\fR option to the PMT.
1.4 oskar 339: .TP
340: \fIstream\fR
341: Stream PID.
342: .TP
1.9 oskar 343: \fItype\fR
344: Stream type (according to ISO 13818-1 table 2-29).
345: .TP
1.4 oskar 346: \fIsid\fR
347: PES stream ID.
348: .TP
349: \fIfile\fR
350: Source file contents type (PES=0, PS=1, TS=2).
351: .TP
352: \fIsource\fR
353: Stream index in source file (SID for PS, PID for TS).
354: .TP
355: \fInum\fR
356: Source file reference number (-1 if none).
357: .TP
358: \fIname\fR
359: Source file name.
1.10 oskar 360: .TP
361: \fIdescr\fR
362: Descriptor tag.
363: .TP
364: \fIlen\fR
365: Descriptor length, number of data bytes in the descriptor.
366: .TP
367: \fIdata\fR
368: Descriptor data, bytewise.
1.4 oskar 369: .RE
370: .TP
1.2 oskar 371: \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-statistics\fR \fItime\fR
372: Order output load statistics to be generated about every
373: \fItime\fR msec.
1.4 oskar 374: Switch off with \fItime\fR=0.
375: The statistics are written to \fIstderr\fR linewise,
376: the following values are calculated:
1.2 oskar 377: .RS
378: .TP
379: \fInow\fR
380: Internal clock in msec.
381: .TP
382: \fIout\fR
1.7 oskar 383: Number of bytes written to stdout since last statistics,
384: and number of write operations needed.
1.2 oskar 385: .TP
386: \fIbuf\fR
1.7 oskar 387: Number of bytes in the output buffers (lower and upper bound).
1.2 oskar 388: .TP
389: \fItime\fR
1.7 oskar 390: Time in msec, for how long the contents of the
391: output buffers should suffice (lower and upper bound).
392: .TP
393: \fIburst\fR
394: Size of write burst, i.e. number of bytes prepared to
395: be written in a single write operation (lower and upper bound).
1.2 oskar 396: .RE
397: .TP
1.24 oskar 398: \fB\-\-nit\fR [\fIpid\fR]
399: Include the given network \fIpid\fR
400: (range 0x0001..0x1FFE, recommended value 0x0010)
401: in the program association table.
402: If no \fIpid\fR is given, omit any network pid.
403: .TP
1.1 oskar 404: \fB\-\-badtiming\fR
405: In conjunction with a program stream originating from a DVB-s
406: digital TV receiver card, You might want to automatically
1.17 oskar 407: correct broken PCR values produced by that card, to
408: avoid discontinuities in the output.
409: .TP
410: \fB\-\-conservativepids\fR [\fInum\fR]
411: Though PIDs are only of significance to internally link
412: elementary streams in a transport stream, for test purposes
413: it might be desired to keep PIDs across multiplexing
414: (range 0..1, default is 1, initial is 0).
1.1 oskar 415: .SH OVERVIEW
416: The multiplexer is designed to run uninterrupted and
417: be controlled via \fIstdin\fR and \fIstderr\fR.
1.8 oskar 418: It is designed to process data in real time,
419: i.e. if the processing is not performed fast
1.18 oskar 420: enough (e.g. because of low system performance),
1.8 oskar 421: errors in the resulting data may occur, namely
422: concerning the timing.
1.9 oskar 423: The multiplexer may be invoked interactively with
1.8 oskar 424: the streams to process given as command line options
425: or with the commands to be processed typed into
426: \fIstdin\fR during operation.
1.1 oskar 427: The latter type of usage is also designed for use
428: with an user interface front-end, that may
429: translate some GUI input to iso13818ts commands
430: and filter its responses to be presented to the user
431: as appropriate.
432: .P
433: Three different types of input are supported:
434: Paketized elementary streams (PES),
435: Program streams (PS),
436: Transport streams (TS).
437: .P
438: Numeric parameters may be given in decimal (e.g. 31)
439: or in hex (e.g. 0x1F).
440: .SH DETAILS
441: The output file or device does not change throughout the
442: time the program runs. The input files, however, may vary.
443: Also the contents of an input file may vary, but not its
444: type. E.g., a file opened as program stream must contain
445: valid program stream data up to its end (and including
446: any files that are appended to this file with \fB\-\-append\fR).
447: .P
448: All basic PSI is evaluated contiguously, and changes in
449: the configuration (changing PID, etc.) are taken into
1.3 frankro 450: account and tracked. Thus a stream should not get lost
1.1 oskar 451: simply because its PID is changed in the middle of the
452: broadcast.
453: .P
454: When remultiplexing a transport stream, the user cannot
455: rely on the original PIDs to be the same in the output stream.
456: Usually output PIDs are different from input PIDs.
457: This is because all basic PSI is composed from scratch for the
458: output stream, with exception of the descriptors.
459: These are not evaluated but only copied and reused
460: as appropriate.
461: .P
462: For each output program one stream within this program
463: must contain PCR time stamps. The strategy in selecting
464: which stream shall carry the PCR is, first see if there
465: is one input stream that contains PCR, if none is found,
466: use the stream for which data packets are found first.
467: Note, that for a simple mono TV program this is not
468: necessarily the video stream.
1.9 oskar 469: .P
470: When using the command \fB\-\-si\fR,
471: PID collisions may occur with source stream PIDs
472: as well as with target stream PIDs.
473: .br
474: For source collisions, data streams win,
475: i.e. if a packet is encountered,
476: that matches the PAT and PMT description of the input file
477: as well as the range given by \fB\-\-si\fR,
478: the latter match is ignored and the packet is
479: processed as PES data packet
480: (or PMT packet, if appropriate).
481: .br
482: For target collisions, the \fB\-\-si\fR range wins,
483: i.e. the attempt is made not to assign PIDs to
484: target data streams (or PMT streams),
485: that are covered by a range given by \fB\-\-si\fR.
486: If this attempt fails, e.g. because the full range
487: was given with \fI\-\-si 0x0010 0x1FFE\fR,
488: the potential collision is accepted, because there
489: is no easy algorithm to get around it.
490: Instead, the user should avoid covering the full range
491: with \fB\-\-si\fR and preferredly only state those
492: PIDs, which actually will contain SI packets.
1.21 oskar 493: \fBWhenever possible, the best choice is not to use \-\-si at all\fR.
1.9 oskar 494: .P
495: Note, that no collision check is done for PIDs,
496: that are given with the \fB\-\-sipid\fR command.
497: This is because these PIDs are assumed to be
498: covered by a corresponding \fB\-\-si\fR.
1.1 oskar 499: .SH EXAMPLES
500: To convert a program stream file x.PS to a transport stream file x.TS,
501: with program number 42, transport stream id 23
502: and PAT and PMT generated about every half second:
503: .IP
504: $ iso13818ts --fpsi 500 --ident 23 --ps x.PS 42 > x.TS
505: .PP
506: If the program stream doesn't contain correct PSI,
507: the single streams may be extracted one by one. Assuming
508: one video stream (0xE0) and mono audio (0xC0):
509: .IP
1.7 oskar 510: $ iso13818ts --fpsi 500 --ident 23 --ps x.PS 42 0xE0 --ps = 42 0xC0 > x.TS
1.1 oskar 511: .PP
512: To bundle two streams originating from video devices and
513: send them out to a streaming device, e.g.:
514: .IP
515: $ iso13818ts -F 500 -P /dev/video0 0x7300 -P /dev/video1 0x7301 > /dev/xdvb0
516: .PP
517: To remultiplex a transport stream containing two TV programs
518: with program numbers 4711 and 4712, with the audio streams (0xC0)
519: of the TV programs exchanged:
520: .IP
521: $ iso13818ts -F 500 --file 1 /dev/rdvb0 --ts 1 4711 4711 0xE0 --ts 1 4712 4712 0xE0 --ts 1 4711 4712 0xC0 --ts 1 4712 4711 0xC0 > /dev/xdvb0
522: .PP
523: To invoke the multiplexer for interactive use, it must
524: be put in all-time-busy-mode. Subsequently, commands can
525: be fed to \fIstdin\fR, e.g. to do the same as with the
526: first example:
527: .IP
528: $ iso13818ts --busy > x.TS
529: .br
530: fpsi 500 ident 23
531: .br
532: ps x.PS 42
533: .PP
534: This instance of the multiplexer will not cease when the
535: end of file in x.PS is reached. To stop the multiplexer,
536: either \fBquit\fR or \fBbusy 0\fR may be typed to \fIstdin\fR.
537: .P
538: To output a movie repeatedly (e.g. seven times):
539: .IP
540: $ iso13818ts -F 500 --ps thepurpleroseofcairo.PS 777 --repeat = 7 > /dev/xdvb0
541: .PP
542: Note, that if during the movie is processed, the command
543: .IP
544: close thepurpleroseofcairo.PS
545: .PP
546: is issued, and supposed it is not yet processed the seventh time,
547: it is not closed, but restarted immediately.
548: .P
549: To concatenate two movies and output them in sequence:
550: .IP
551: $ iso13818ts -F 500 --ps rambo1.PS 789 --append = rambo2.PS > /dev/xdvb0
552: .PP
553: Note, that a file can only be appended to a file, that is
554: yet in use (i.e. being processed). Thus, it is not possible
555: to append a third movie (rambo3.PS) from within the command
556: line. Instead, the processing of the second movie must be
557: awaited, and then the following command can be fed to \fIstdin\fR:
558: .IP
559: append rambo2.PS rambo3.PS
560: .PP
561: To add data from a DSMCC carousel to the output, a DSMCC
562: carousel generator must be started seperately. The carousel
563: must generate the DSMCC data as a series of transport
564: stream packets that contain private sections. The PIDs used by
1.7 oskar 565: the carousel must be known (e.g. 0x10..0x1F). Supposed use of
566: the DSMCC carousel data provider \fIrepeatts\fR:
1.1 oskar 567: .IP
568: $ mkfifo dsmcc_pipe
569: .br
1.7 oskar 570: $ repeatts 8000 2000 dsmcc_data.TS > dsmcc_pipe &
1.1 oskar 571: .br
572: $ iso13818ts -F 500 --busy --ts dsmcc_pipe --si = 0x10 0x1F > /dev/xdvb0
573: .br
574: ps x.PS 42
575: .br
576: ps y.PS 43
577: .br
578: \&...
579: .PP
1.12 oskar 580: If the source is a transport stream with broken or
581: missing PSI (i.e. PAT/PMT), and if further it can
582: be assumed, that there is only one program to be found
583: in the stream, then the \fIsource program number\fR
584: can be specified as \fB0\fR. With the following
585: example, one video and one audio stream are extracted
586: (the first one found, if more than one exist)
587: and output as \fItarget program number\fR 42:
588: .IP
589: $ iso13818ts -F 500 -T deficient.TS 0 42 0xE0 -T = 0 42 0xC0 > complete.TS
590: .PP
1.1 oskar 591: .SH "KNOWN PROBLEMS"
592: The program might not work in conjunction with device drivers
593: that do not deliver or accept data unless a first read or write
594: is done on the device. E.g., for a MPEG video data source, that
595: does not produce output without being triggered by being read
596: from, this program will await the readability of the first
597: data infinitely. On the other hand it is obvious that the driver
598: should not encode data as long as there is no application that
599: will read this data.
1.30 ! oskar 600: One possible solution to this dilemma is to patch such a driver
1.1 oskar 601: to interpret the \fIpoll\fR command as an order for data, thus
602: triggering the read mechanisms. Analogous considerations hold
603: for polling the output device and writing to it.
604: .P
605: Paketized elementary streams do not necessarily contain
606: usable time stamps, so when multiplexing raw PES, streams
607: belonging together may be out of sync. This is especially
608: noteworthy in case streams shall be demultiplexed and then
609: again multiplexed in some way. Results will always be better
610: when this remultiplexing takes place entirely within the
1.3 frankro 611: multiplexer, because that way timing information won't get lost.
1.1 oskar 612: .SH BUGS
1.9 oskar 613: End of action sometimes is not detected correctly, which
614: causes the multiplexer to hang.
615: Nevertheless, it then can be stopped by the \fBquit\fR command.
1.10 oskar 616: .P
617: Changing configuration is not printed if the change
618: is solely a descriptor coming from a source file.
1.1 oskar 619: .SH "SEE ALSO"
1.6 oskar 620: .BR repeatts (1),
621: .BR iso13818ps (1),
1.1 oskar 622: .BR ISO\ 13818-1 ,
623: .BR ETSI\ EN\ 300\ 468 .
624: .SH AUTHOR
1.18 oskar 625: Oskar Schirmer (schirmer@scara.com).
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